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<p><a href="Default.asp" title="Back to the ASP Kitchen">ASP Kitchen</a>: <a href="ASPWatchArticles.asp" title="Back to the ASPWatch.com articles">ASPWatch.com
articles</a>: Using the HTTP Protocol With PerlScript and ASP</p>
<h1>Using the HTTP Protocol With PerlScript and ASP</h1>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>One topic often discussed by ASP programmers is how to access content from other
servers using protocols such as HTTP. There are many uses of such procedures, such as
ensuring a user entering details into a web form enters a valid URL, or for pulling stock
quotes from one site and publishing them via another.</p>
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<td bgcolor="#000000"><font face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><p align="right"></font><strong><font color="#FFFFFF">Handy Tip!</font></strong><font face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"></font></td>
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<td colspan="2">If you prefer to write your web applications in Perl then you will be
pleased to know that Perl will be available as one of the many programming languages in
the ASP.NET Framework.<p align="right"><a href="http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Downloads/PerlASPX/More">...More Information</a></td>
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<p>There are several approaches to obtaining content from other servers, and in particular
using the HTTP protocol to programmatically access one web page from within another. ASP
developers using VBScript or JScript might like to take a look at <a href="http://www.4guysfromrolla.com/webtech/040600-1.shtml">this article</a>, which
describes using an ActiveX object to achieve this. Alternatively the AspHTTP™
component from <a href="http://www.serverobjects.com/">ServerObjects Inc.</a> is popular
with developers.</p>
<p>An alternative approach is to use the PerlScript ActiveX scripting engine. This allows
developers to write ASP documents in Perl, rather than the traditional VBScript or
JScript. Like VBScript and JScript, Perl is an interpreted language, and is relatively
easy to learn. It has long been the language of choice for many web developers, and due to
the long association of Perl with the Internet, it is also unsurprising to find that it
offers excellent support for the development of Internet applications. Perl is also a good
choice when writing a script to extracting and parsing content from other servers due to
its superior text handling capabilities.</p>
<h2>Using PerlScript</h2>
<p>If you want to write an ASP document in PerlScript, then you may want to add the
following as the first line of your document:</p>
<p><font color="#808080"><%@ LANGUAGE="PerlScript" %></font></p>
<p>All the code added to this page between the <% %> tags will then be interpreted
as PerlScript instead of the server’s default scripting language (which is usually
VBScript).</p>
<p>Although you can, in theory, mix VBScript, JScript and PerlScript within the same
document, this will lead to decreased server performance when compared to using a single
scripting engine. More importantly, you run the risk of your ASP document outputting
content from the various scripting engines in a different order to that which you might
have intended. </p>
<p>One further warning is that there will likely be all kinds of security risks from
letting your web pages take input from other web pages. You should, therefore, use this
sample code with care, or perhaps restrict its use to an Intranet environment rather than
on a publicly accessible Internet site. Don’t forget as well that extracting content
from third party web services could bring you into legal difficulties unless you have
explicit permission to do so!</p>
<p>Anyway, onto the code samples. The first is a function called CheckURL that will
determine whether a specified URL exists. The script uses the libwww Perl library, a
collection of modules that can be used to programmatically access the web.</p>
<p><font color="#808080"><%<br>
sub CheckURL {<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Subroutine to check that a URL exists<br>
# Use the first argument of the function as the URL to check</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$url_to_check = $_[0];<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Use the libwww Perl library</font><font color="#808080"><br>
use LWP::UserAgent;<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Create a new instance of a libwww UserAgent in order to
send HTTP requests</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$ua = new LWP::UserAgent;<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Set the HTTP_USER_AGENT HTTP header for the request</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$ua->agent("Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 4.0; Windows NT)");<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Set a timeout for the HTTP request (in seconds)</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$ua->timeout(3);<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Set a maximum size for the HTTP request (in bytes)</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$ua->max_size(8192);<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000">#Initialise the HTTP request</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$request = new HTTP::Request 'GET' => $url_to_check;<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Set the UserAgent to receive HTML</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$request->header('Accept' => 'text/html');<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Send the HTTP request</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$result = $ua->request($request);<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Check the outcome of the HTTP request</font><font color="#808080"><br>
if ($result->is_success) {<br>
$url_status = "$url_to_check was detected";<br>
} else {<br>
$url_status = "$url_to_check was not detected";<br>
}<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Return a string with the status of the request</font><font color="#808080"><br>
return $url_status;<br>
<br>
}<br>
%></font></p>
<p>This function can then be called using the following PerlScript (changing the required
URL as appropriate):</p>
<p><font color="#808080"><%<br>
$Response->Write(CheckURL("http://www.brettb.com/"));<br>
%></font></p>
<p>Extending the script</p>
<p>PerlScript offers a wealth of ways for extending the basic script shown above. For
example, using the following as the last line of the CheckURL function will cause the
script to return the actual HTML from the HTTP request:</p>
<p><font color="#808080">return $result->content;</font></p>
<p>This is useful if you want to parse the HTML in order to extract portions of it.</p>
<p>Alternatively, if you are interested in the precise error message returned from a
server, then the following code will be useful:</p>
<p><font color="#808080">return $result->error_as_HTML;</font></p>
<p>If a URL is not found, then the function will return the following:</p>
<p><font color="#FF0000">An Error Occurred<br>
404 Object Not Found</font></p>
<h2>Writing a link extractor</h2>
<p>The following code demonstrates how PerlScript can be used to extract all of the
hyperlinks from a document requested using HTTP. There are two functions: ExtractLinks and
LinkCollector. ExtractLinks is the main function. LinkCollector is called from
ExtractLinks, and is used to gather the requested document’s hyperlinks into a list.
The two functions are shown below:</p>
<p><font color="#808080">sub ExtractLinks{<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Subroutine to check that a URL exists<br>
# Use the first argument of the function as the URL to extract links from</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$url_to_check = $_[0];<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Use the libwww Perl library</font><font color="#808080"><br>
use LWP::UserAgent;<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Use the link extracting HTML parser</font><font color="#808080"><br>
use HTML::LinkExtor;<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># The URL module is used here to expand URLs by including
their base reference</font><font color="#808080"><br>
use URI::URL;<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Create a list that will be used to contain details of the
links within the document</font><font color="#808080"><br>
@LinksList= (); <br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Create a new instance of a libwww UserAgent in order to
send HTTP requests</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$ua = new LWP::UserAgent;<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Set the HTTP_USER_AGENT HTTP header for the request</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$ua->agent("Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 4.0; Windows NT)");<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Set a timeout for the HTTP request (in seconds)</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$ua->timeout(3);<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Set a maximum size for the HTTP request (in bytes)</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$ua->max_size(8192);<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Create an instance of the link extracting HTML parser</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$parser = HTML::LinkExtor->new(\&LinkCollector);<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000">#Initialise the HTTP request</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$result = $ua->request(HTTP::Request->new(GET => $url_to_check),<br>
sub {$parser->parse($_[0])});<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Expand URLs to include the base reference</font><font color="#808080"><br>
$base = $result->base;<br>
@LinksList = map { $_ = url($_, $base)->abs; } @LinksList;<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># Check the outcome of the HTTP request<br>
# If successful, then return a list of links in the requested document<br>
# otherwise, return an error message</font><font color="#808080"><br>
if ($result->is_success) {<br>
<br>
for (@LinksList) {<br>
$LinksList = $LinksList . "$_<br>";<br>
}<br>
<br>
return "$LinksList";<br>
<br>
} else {<br>
return "$url_to_check was not detected";<br>
}<br>
<br>
}<br>
<br>
</font><font color="#008000"># A short subroutine to collect the links into a list</font><font color="#808080"><br>
sub LinkCollector {<br>
<br>
($tag, %attr) = @_;<br>
push(@LinksList, values %attr);<br>
<br>
}<br>
%></font></p>
<p>The ExtractLinks subroutine can then be called using something like:</p>
<p><font color="#808080"><%<br>
$Response->Write(ExtractLinks("http://www.brettb.com/"));<br>
%></font></p>
<h2>Further reading</h2>
<p>If you want to install ActivePerl on your web server, then download it (free of charge)
from the <a href="http://www.activestate.com/">ActiveState website</a>. The installation
routine creates an extensive library of documentation, including reference guides to the
Perl modules and functions described in this article.</p>
<p>There are plenty of online resources for learning Perl, with <a href="http://www.perl.com/">http://www.perl.com</a> and <a href="http://www.perl.org/">http://www.perl.org</a>
being two of the best starting points. There is also a <a href="http://www.asptoday.com/articles/19990716.htm">good introductory article</a> about
using Perl with ASP on ASPToday, as well as one on <a href="http://www.webtechniques.com/archives/2000/05/powers/">Web Techniques</a>.</p>
<p>You might also like to invest in one of these featured books:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0471383147/brettbcom"><img border="0" src="images/ActivePerlWithASPandADO.jpg" alt="ActivePerl with ASP and ADO" WIDTH="113" HEIGHT="140"></a> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1565922840/brettbcom"><img border="0" src="images/LearningPerl.jpg" alt="Learning Perl (2nd Edition)" WIDTH="107" HEIGHT="140"></a> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0201419750/brettbcom"><img border="0" src="images/EffectivePerlProgramming.jpg" alt="Effective Perl Programming: Writing Better Programs With Perl" WIDTH="112" HEIGHT="140"></a></p>
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src="images/Icon_CHM.gif" width="16" height="16" alt="View Product Documentation"
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web application can also be incorporated into the reports. Documentation is created in
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<a
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<h2>Author details</h2>
<p><p><a href="http://www.brettb.com/" title="View Brett's personal website">Brett Burridge</a>
spent two years working in the <a href="http://www.essex.ac.uk/"
title="University of Essex">University of Essex</a> Computing Service, before moving to <a
href="http://www.intapps.com/" title="The Internet Applications Group">The Internet
Applications Group</a> in the Autumn of 1999, where he developed e-Business applications for a range of
corporate clients and dot-com start ups.</P>
<P>Brett is presently employed as an Internet developer and technical writer
through his own company,
<a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Default.asp" title="Winnersh Triangle Web Solutions Limited" target="_blank">Winnersh Triangle Web Solutions Limited</a>.
The company produces a number of
innovative products, including the popular
<a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Products.ASPDocumentationTool.asp" target="_blank" title="ASP Documentation Tool™ - creates project documentation for ASP 2.0 and 3.0 websites written in VBScript and JScript, and also SQL Server 2000 databases">ASP Documentation Tool™</a>, the <a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Products.IndexServerCompanion.asp" target="_blank" title="Index Server Companion - extends the functionality of Index Server to allow indexing of content from remote websites and ODBC databases">Index Server Companion</a>, the <a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Products.ASPNETDocumentationTool.asp" target="_blank" title="ASP.NET Documentation Tool - creates documentation for ASP.NET web applications written in VB.NET and C#">ASP.NET Documentation Tool</a>, the <a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Products.SQLServerDocumentationTool.asp" target="_blank" title="SQL Server Documentation Tool - Documents Microsoft SQL Server Databases">SQL Server Documentation Tool</a> and <a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Products.TheWebsiteUtility.asp" target="_blank" title="The Website Utility">The Website Utility</a>.
The company is also available for <a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Services.Main.asp" target="_blank" title="web application design and development">web application design and development</a> at reasonable rates, primarily using
<a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Services.Microsoft.asp" target="_blank" title="Development using Microsoft technologies such as ASP, ASP.NET, Visual Basic, SQL Server">Microsoft technologies</a> (ASP, ASP.NET, Visual Basic, SQL Server) but also using <a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Services.OpenSource.asp" target="_blank" title="Open source development using technologies such as PHP, MySQL and Perl">open source</a>
technologies such as PHP, MySQL and Perl. Specialist services include development
of <a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Services.IndexServer.asp" target="_blank" title="Development of search solutions using Microsoft's Index Server and Site Server 3.0 Search">search solutions</a> using Microsoft's Index Server and Site Server 3.0 Search.
</P>
<P>
As well as the ASPAlliance, Brett has written articles for <a href="http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue33/nt-explorer/" title="Read Brett's most recent article for Ariadne.ac.uk" target="_blank">Ariadne.ac.uk</a>
and <a href="http://www.asptoday.com/content.asp?id=1435" target="_blank" title="Read Brett's first ASPToday article">ASPToday</a>, and has contributed recipes to the <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0672325241/brettbcom" target="_blank" title="ASP.NET Developer's Cookbook">ASP.NET Developer's Cookbook</a>.
<small><a href="Links.asp" style="color: rgb(252,253,253);">links</a></small>
</P>
<p>
Outside web development, Brett is interested in digital photography (here's my <a href="http://www.brettb.com/gallery.asp" target="_blank" title="My digital photo gallery">photo gallery</a>), <a href="http://www.brettb.com/MyTropicalFishtank.asp" target="_blank" title="My Tropical Fish!">tropical fishkeeping</a>
and collecting contemporary works of art by artists such as <a href="http://www.brettb.com/Doug_Hyde_Gallery.asp" title="My Doug Hyde Limited Edition Sculptures and Prints" target="_blank">Doug Hyde</a>.
</p>
<p>Contact Brett by emailing <script language="JavaScript"><!--
document.write('<a title="Email Brett" href="mailto:' + 'brett' + '@asp' + 'alliance.com">brett' + '@' + 'aspalliance.com</a>');
// --></script></p>
<p align="center">
<a href="http://www.winnershtriangle.com/w/Products.IndexServerCompanion.asp?FROM=http://authors.aspalliance.com/brettb/HTTPWithPerlScriptAndASP.asp" target="_blank"><IMG SRC="images/IndexServerCompanion_468x60_2.gif" width="468" height="60" alt="Index Server Companion - allows Index Server to index content from remote websites and ODBC databases!!!" border="0"></a>
</p>
</p>
<h2>Article history</h2>
<p>"Using the HTTP protocol with PerlScript and ASP" originally published on
ASPWatch.com on April 26 2000. Republished on ASPAlliance.com on 1 October 2001.</p>
<p><a href="Default.asp" title="Back to the ASP Kitchen">ASP Kitchen</a>: <a href="ASPWatchArticles.asp" title="Back to the ASPWatch.com articles">ASPWatch.com
articles</a>: Using the HTTP Protocol With PerlScript and ASP</p></td>
</td>
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<tr><td bgcolor="#CC0000" colspan="2" style="BORDER-TOP: rgb(102,102,102) 1px solid;"><small><font color="white">© page content copyright Brett Burridge 1998 - 2004.</font></small></td></tr>
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